Clinical Pharmacy Articles

Research and Reports
Objectives: To evaluate the cost difference between nizatidine and cimetidine when dosed with and without regard to a resident's creatinine clearance.
Design: Cost comparison of cimetidine and nizatidine dosed with and without regard to residents' CLcr.

Setting: A 271-bed, not-for-profit nursing home.

Subjects: 38 residents receiving nizatidine were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 9) received nizatidine as acute therapy and group 2 (n = 29) received nizatidine as maintenance therapy.


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Applied Clinical Trials, May 1, 2002

Rational use of drugs can o­nly be achieved when there is detailed information available upon which staff can base decisions and make recommendations.Although it has been relatively easy to gather this information from pharmacy dispensing systems, the same has not been true of hospital pharmacy technical services/production units.This was certainly the situation in the pharmacy department at Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH) for Children and it is probably true to say that this mirrored the situation in many UK pharmacy departments. Technical services within the GOSH pharmacy department comprises three production units: total parenteral nutrition (TPN), a centralised intravenous additives service (CIVAS), and cytotoxics. In 1998, each unit used a different computer system.


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Curtis Peery, MD,Akella Chendrasekhar, MD,
Donald W. Moorman, MD ,
Gregory A Timberlake, MD
the Journal of Applied Research
in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics Study Objectives: Several studies o­n ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) have shown improved accuracy of diagnosis using quantitative deep tissue cultures verses nonquantitative tracheal aspirate (TA) cultures. We examined the clinical efficacy of treatment based o­n a more accurate diagnostic approach.

Design/Setting: Prospective randomized trial at a level 1 trauma center.

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Rules to ensure confidentiality of individual health information threaten to make clinical trials more complex and costly.

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A 68-year-old male who has had Type 2 diabetes for 15 years and also is in heart failure (New York Heart Association Class III, ejection fraction 0.2) is hospitalized with increasing shortness of breath and fatigue. Medications include glyburide prestabs 6 mg b.i.d., digoxin .25 mg q.d., furosemide 40 mg q.d., potassium, and ibuprofen 600 mg q.i.d. His blood pressure rate is 160/100, pulse 100, respiratory rate 28, HgA1c 8.5, SrCr 1.8 mg/dl, and edema 2+. His physician discontinues ibuprofen, adds acetaminophen 650 mg q.i.d., lisinopril 10 mg, and metoprolol 12.5 mg q.d. and increases furosemide (60 mg). Two days later, the patient's blood pressure is 100/60, and his shortness of breath has increased, edema is 3+, and SrCr is 2.9. What do you, as a consultant, suggest?

In the mid to late '80s, a tool called remote data entry was available which replaced double key data entry and paper case report forms (CRFs) at the clinical trial study site.

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They’re changing the guard at Applied Clinical Trials

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Abstract

The objective of the study was to develop an algorithm based o­n a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling approach to quantify and predict cumulative cortisol suppression (CCS) as a surrogate marker for the systemic activity of inhaled corticosteroid therapy. Two Excel spreadsheets, o­ne for single dose and another for steady-state multiple doses of inhaled steroids, were developed for predicting CCS. Four of the commonly used inhaled steroids were chosen for the purposes of simulation: fluticasone propionate (FP), budesonide (BUD), flunisolide (FLU), and triamcinolone acetonide (TAA). Drug-specific PK and PD parameters were obtained from previous single- and multiple-dose studies. In cases in which multiple-dose data were not available, the single-dose data were extrapolated. The algorithm was designed to calculate CCS based o­n 5 input parameters: name of drug, dose, dosing interval, time(s) of dosing, and type of inhaler device.

Applied Clinical Trials, Apr 1, 2003