Human proteins from Plants?
One of my 2 aims in life as a pharmacist is to discover a method of drug synthesis that is completely environmentally friendly. The other is to completely eradicate animal testing as you know. I decided that this week, I’ll try to honour what I consider are among the greatest achievements in this direction by pharmacists around the world.
Chlorogen Inc. is a biotechnology company based in St. Louis, Mississippi. They have recently discovered a way to manufacture human proteins using tobacco plants by inserting DNA into the plant cell chloroplasts! Their first commercial product is a human protein serum albumin, which is used in blood transfusions.
This chloroplast technology is completely environmentally friendly and is also very inexpensive and efficient. It has also been used to develop an anthrax vaccine which is undergoing laboratory testing conditions. It is considered inexpensive because a single plant can produce up to 400 million doses of anthrax vaccine, which is completely free from contaminants and human pathogens. It is efficient because it yields a 1,000 times more proteins than traditional methods.
The entire process is absolutely eco-friendly because the genes are inserted into the chloroplasts and not the nucleus. Furthermore, because chloroplasts are inherited maternally they are not functional in plants' pollen. Therefore concern about spreading novel genes through pollen is greatly diminished. Because each cell has more than 100 chloroplasts, it is possible to produce mass quantities of the protein in each plant, far more than can be produced by transforming the single nucleus.
Other proteins that the company plans to make using this technology are interferons and insulin.
I consider this one among the greatest achievements because of the company’s ability to be able to recognise what was right under its nose, for making the best use of its resources to generate something as phenomenally simple yet profound as an eco-friendly drug.
Citation: http://www.dowagro.com/newsroom/corporatenews/2005/20050916a.htm
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