Resealed Erythrocytes : A Novel Drug Delivery System
By Prathyusha Chatla - 10/30/2009
(16 votes)
Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, have been extensively studied for their potential carrier capabilities for the delivery of drugs and drug-loaded microspheres. Such drug-loaded carrier erythrocytes are prepared simply by collecting blood samples from the organism of interest, separating erythrocytes from plasma, entrapping drug in the erythrocytes, and resealing the resultant cellular carriers. Hence, these carriers are called resealed erythrocytes. The overall process is based on the response of these cells under osmotic conditions. Upon reinjection, the drug-loaded erythrocytes serve as slow circulating depots and target the drugs to a reticuloendothelial system. These resealed erythrocytes are used for slow drug release, drug targeting actions like targeting the liver, reticuloendothelial system, etc., treatment of hepatic tumors, removal of toxic agents, delivery of antiviral agents, etc. The use of resealed erythrocytes looks promising for a safe and sure delivery of various drugs for passive and active targeting. I had discussed about source and isolation of erythrocytes, methods of drug loading, advantages of erythrocytes as drug carriers, in vitro and in vivo characterization, applications and novel approaches.
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1)When they are introduced
1)When they are introduced again after resealing and it will follow the same cycle of RBC metabolism??
2)As erythrocytes are taken from a donar, is there any factor like compatability between a donar & acceptor?
3) a) Can resealed erythrocytes be used for a target specific drug delivery purpose??
b) If yes please mention how you will perform this???
Ayush A. Singhal
RPCP, CHANGA
GUJARAT
http://www.pharmainfo.net/ayushsinghal
Hi Prathyusha
1.How these erythrocytes prepared and what are the parameters considered while preparation?
2. Is there any drug interaction ?
3. How the safety of this released erythrocytes proved and what are the safety parameters measures when it says to be absolutely safe or having no side effects?
Nice presentation
How does osmolality of resealing buffer and temperature influence the performance of carrier erythrocytes?
ABHERI DAS SARMA
http://www.pharmainfo.net/abherids86
formulating a drug into a resealed erythrocyte?
what are the factors to be considered while formulating a drug into a resealed erythrocyte? Any disadvantages of resealed erythrocytes?
G.Sailesh
http://www.pharmainfo.net/sailesh
HY, please give some examples
HY,
please give some examples of marketed formulation of this system?
Komal Nikam
http://www.pharmainfo.net/komal-nikam
Hy which drugs r not
Hy
which drugs r not resealed in erythocytes? What r the size specification & diff factors affect on it?
Komal Nikam
http://www.pharmainfo.net/komal-nikam
Any study on cross-reactivity
Any study on cross-reactivity of erythrocytes? What is its life span and drug releasing capacity?
how this drug delivery system
how this drug delivery system is better than other?
Futute of it & stability aspects of resealed erythrocytes?
K.H.Patel.
My profile link is
http://www.pharmainfo.net/khushbu-hasmukh-patel
good presentation
what about its storage?
after the particular life span they are use less?
what abt its availability?
Dear Prathyusha, it's very
Dear Prathyusha, it's very nice concept.
But I don't understand how RBCs become the most abundant cells in the body, please give the statistics?
Mr. Dixon Thomas, M. Pharm, M. S., RPh
http://www.pharmainfo.net/pharmacistdixon
GOLDEN EGGS OF NDDS....
dear pratyusha,,
Good presentation..
Coming to the queries..
What is the life span of these erythrocytes in the body? are they degraded naturally??
What are the advantages of using Resealed erythrocytes over other NDDS like liposomes??
Sirisha Pingali
www.pharmainfo.net/sirisha
clinical trials!
can you cite any clinical trials conducted with resealed erythrocytes?
Well organized presentation. purity of RBC?
For this kind of application, what should be purity or fold purity of erythrocytes over other blood cells required?
Can we use RBC from one individual to another? will there be immunogenic response and if yes what is feasibility of such technology for treatment?
Dr.Sandeep Bhaskar Kale
http://www.pharmainfo.net/sanykale123
any marketed preparation of resealed erythrocytes ?
Dear Prathyusha,
I have some questions as following,
1.what are the disadvantages of this method
2.Is there any marketed preparation of resealed erythrocytes?(mention brand name)
3.what criterias or characteristics of drugs will you take into consideration while going for this method?
Varsha Bansode
http://www.pharmainfo.net/varsha-bansode
Limits for Biological characterization of resealed erythrocytes
Hi Pratyusha,
I have the following queries:
1.What are the standard limits for Biological characterization of resealed erythrocytes?
2.You have mentioned there is no toxicity for resealed erythrocytes in 1 of your slides.Are the cells used from monkeys,rabbit etc are relatively non antigenic?
3.How can we enhance the circulation t1/2 of these erythrocytes as membrane stabilizers in bound form remarkably reduces circulation survival time?
Bhasker
http://www.pharmainfo.net/bhasker
Satbility of Erythrocytes
daer MAM,
NICE PPT,
CAN U EXPLAIN STABILITY ASPECTS OF RESELEAED ERYTHROCYTES?
Komal Nikam
http://www.pharmainfo.net/komal-nikam
stability
1.The morphology of erythrocytes decides their life span after administration.
2. Shape changes(deformities) also affects the life span.This parameter evaluates the ease of passage of erythrocytes through narrow capillaries.
3. Osmotic fragility and turbulance fragility will influence integrity of cell membrane.
4.Drug content and drug release pattern are also need to be considered.
storage
a nice presentation ma'am. i had some questions:
1) as per your presentation,the shelf life, (i.e in vitro storage) is two weeks, then wont there be a problem in making this product available all over the world? are there any means for its extended storage?
2) are there any products of resealed erythrocytes in the market?
Shreesha V Bhat
Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Education campus Changa,
Gujarat, India.
http://www.pharmainfo.net/shreeshabhat
marketed products
yes i have quoted the examples of the drugs most of them are marketed itself.
storage
1) Membrane stabilizing agents are used to improve the storage of resealed erythrocytes. eg of stabilizing agents are dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl-3,3-dithio-bis-propionamide, toluene-2,4-diisocyanate,etc. After exposing the resealed erythrocytes to any of these stabilizing agents,they are lyophylized. This will increase the stability upto atleast 1month. But the main disadvantage of using membrane stabilizers is that they will reduce the circulation time. Other methods to improve the stability include encapsulation of prodrug that undergoes conversin into parent drug only at body temperature, high glycerol freezing technique and reversible immobilization in alginate or gelatin gels.