PPPC03

The multi-disciplinary field of nanotechnology is making the science of the almost incomprehensibly small device, closer and closer to reality. A revolution is occurring in science and technology, based on the recently developed ability to measure, manipulate and organize matter on the nano-scale.

Intranasal route is effective alternative for drugs administration due to patient conveniency and direct delivery of drug to the brain bypassing BBB. Sumatriptan is a 5HT1d receptor agonist used mainly in migraine and cluster headache having limitation of bioavailability for oral route and patient inconveniency for parentral route.

Cancer is not a single disease, but rather over a hundred diseases caused by various sorts of mutations inside various cells in various tissues. Some mutations up regulate genes, others down regulate them. After certain mutations occur, a cancer cell grows out of control, dividing over and over and forming a solid tumour.

Nanoparticles of gold offer a number of properties which make them suitable for use in biological applications.

Biotherapeutics – especially monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, and small molecules derived from plant and microbes (e.g. antibiotics, alkaloids), has emerged as a hottest approach in targeting a number of diseases.

Poison is a substance capable of producing damage or dysfunction in the body by its chemical activity. Poisoning can be accidental or intentional. In many parts of the developing countries pesticide poisoning, insecticidal poisoning, drug over dose, and cosmetics poisoning, causes more deaths than infectious diseases.

Author : http://www.pharmainfo.net/pharmamit

An important area of research in nanotechnology is the synthesis of nanoparticles of different chemical compositions, sizes, shapes and controlled dispersities. Currently, there is a growing need to develop environmentally benign nanoparticle synthesis processes that do not use toxic chemicals in the synthesis protocol.

Microemulsions are modern colloidal drug carrier system. They are isotropic, thermodynamically stable transparent (or translucent) systems of oil, water and surfactant, frequently in combination with a cosurfactant with a droplet size usually in the range of 10-100 nm.

Transporter is one of the important approaches for distribution and elimination of drugs by interaction with membrane proteins. Uptake transporters are required for the uptake of some drugs into cells, whereas efflux transporters are responsible for pumping some drugs out of cells or preventing them from ever getting in. Transporters are also involved in drug-drug interaction.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have unique properties that make them promising candidates for a wide variety of potential biomedical applications, including drug transporters, new therapeutics, delivery systems and diagnostics. These are molecular-scale structures made from carbon graphite which consist of a flat sheet of carbon atoms rolled into a very thin, cylindrical tube.