Special Articles

Vikash Kumar

Probiotics are live microorganisms (in most cases,
bacteria) that are similar to beneficial microorganisms found in the
human gut.

They are also called “friendly bacteria” or
“good bacteria”. Probiotics are available to consumers
mainly in the form of dietary supplements and foods. They can be
used as complementary and alternative medicine.

Prachi Pandey

S. V. Patil

Poonam Kushwaha

TheOrganic Impurities in Pharmaceuticals:

The impurities in drug are unwanted chemicals that remains with the active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), develop during formulation and upon aging of API/drug products.The presence of these unwanted chemicals even in trace amount may influence the efficacy and safety of pharmaceutical products.

These impurities often posses unwanted pharmacological or toxicological effects by which any benefits from their administration may be outweighed [1].

Rashmin B. Patel

Vikash Kumar

The present review focus on synthesis of various 2-aminobenzothiazoles derivatives by cyclizing the arylthioureas, 2-aminothiophenol and substituted anilines with the help of different catalysts or agents.

Chloroformamidinium Salts; latest and efficient reagent for preparation of 2-aminobenzothiazole derivatives.

Kirupakar .B.R

Design of experiments (DOE) is a useful tool for determining specific factors affecting defect levels in a product.

During the 1920s, a British statistician named Ronald Fisher put the finishing touches on a method for making breakthrough discoveries. Some 70 years later, Fisher's method, now known as design of experiments, has become a powerful software tool for engineers and researchers.

But why did it take engineers so long to begin using DOE for innovative problem solving? After all, they were ignoring a technique that would have produced successes similar to the following modern-day examples:

John I. D’souza

The expanding arena of emerging drugs, increased sensitivity to clinical
outcomes and healthcare costs are driving the need for alternative drug delivery
methods and devices.

The drug delivery technology landscape has become highly competitive and
rapidly evolving. More and more developments in delivery systems are being
integrated to optimize the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the therapy.
New classes of pharmaceuticals, biopharmaceuticals (peptides, proteins and
DNA-based therapeutics) are fueling the rapid evolution of drug delivery technology.
These new drugs typically cannot be effectively delivered by conventional
means. The benefits from targeted, localized delivery of therapeutic agents
are other driving forces for the market.

Swarnali Das

Peptide and protein drugs have found an important position in therapeutics.

Many protein- and DNA-based drugs exhibit high sensitivity to the surrounding
physiological conditions as a result of their delicate physicochemical characteristics
and the susceptibility to degradation by proteolytic enzymes in biological fluids.
So, they need to be properly protected during administration and their release
needs to be precisely targeted and controlled.

O.A.Thusleem

The pharmaceutical sector is a major user of the patent system.

While only a small - and declining - number of new chemical entities are approved annually, thousands of patents are applied for to protect variants of existing products, processes of manufacture or, where admitted, second indications of known pharmaceutical products. Since patents confer exclusive rights regarding the production, sale and use of the patented subject matter, they can be used to restrain competition and set prices higher than those that would have existed if competitive products were available. This is the very purpose of the patent system, which is generally justified as necessary to encourage investments to develop new products and processes.¹